2007-05-18

Waste vs Useless

Some of our students have confused the words "useless" and "waste."

The term 無駄 can be either "useless" or "waste" depending on how you use it.

Useless:
役に立たない; 無用な; 無益な: 無駄な

Notes and examples:
  • Useless is an adjective 形容詞.
  • it is useless to 〈do〉; it is useless...-ing ~して見ても意味がない[無駄なことだ, しかたない]
  • render...useless ~を使い物にならないように[役立たずに]する
  • ~ are useless there そこでは~は役に立たない
  • It is useless to them. かれらにとって, それは用をなさない.
  • With dead batteries, the flashlight was useless.
  • 役に立たない上司 useless boss
  • ぽんこつ車 useless car
  • 役にも立たない人生 a useless life
  • 気ばかり焦っても仕方ない useless to get so worked up
  • 役に立たない地図 a useless map
  • 無用な長物 a useless object
Waste:
浪費する, 空費する, 無駄にする[なる], 次第に消耗する[減少する]

Notes and examples:
  • waste can be used as a verb, noun, and adjective
  • cut waste 無駄を減らす
  • eliminate waste 無駄をなくす
  • avoid waste 無駄を省く
  • お金を無駄遣いしてはいけません。Don't waste your money.
  • それは時間の無駄だ。It is a waste of time.
  • 台所のごみ kitchen waste
  • 産業廃棄物 industrial waste

More examples:
  • The meeting was a waste of time. Everybody just argued and nothing was accomplished.
  • The meeting was useless. Everybody just argued and nothing was accomplished.
  • My professor's class was useless. He lectured on topics I already knew.
  • My professor's class was a waste of time. He lectured on topics I already knew.
  • The gift certificate was useless. It had expired last year!
  • The gift certificate was a waste. It had expired last year!
If you have any questions, please ask me in class! If you have any suggestions or can't come to class, send me an email!

Chip

2007-05-16

Spacing and Punctuation

Below are examples of errors made my anmi-eikaiwa students in their original compositions. I have also seen these errors in compositions made my Japanese engineers who submit work to me for checking.

Take a look at the following and see if you can find the errors. Good luck!

Error #1 (Conversational English Student)

A: Did you ski last winter?
B: No,but I skied two winters ago.

Error #2 (Mechanical Engineer)

Test Conditions
Lubrication____:_ECM oil
Speed________:_33 000 rpm
Temperature___:_Ambient temperature

Error #3 (Conversational English Student)

A:How are you doing today?
B:Just fine. And you?
A:Couldn't be better. Thanks.



How did you do? Were you able to find the errors? Let's discuss each error.

Error #1 (Conversational English Student)

A: Did you ski last winter?
B: No,but I skied two winters ago.

Rule: Always add one blank space after a comma.
Hint: Most spelling check software will give you a warning if you make this mistake.

Correct Version:

A: Did you ski last winter?
B: No, but I skied two winters ago.

---

Error #2 (Mechanical Engineer)

Test Conditions
Lubrication_______: ECM oil
Speed __________: 33 000 rpm
Temperature ______: Ambient temperature

Rule: No blank space on the left side of a colon. Align all text after the colon at the same tab setting.
Hint: The above error is not an error in a Japanese text. However, when you write in English, you need to follow English rules.

Correct Version:

Test Conditions
Lubrication:.........ECM oil
Speed:...............33 000 rpm
Temperature:.....Ambient temperature

---

Error #3 (Conversational English Student)

A:How are you doing today?
B:Just fine. And you?
A:Couldn't be better. Thanks.

Rule: In the above format or in a typical sentence, there is only one blank space on the right side of a colon.
Hint: Most spelling check software will give you a warning if you make this mistake.

Correct Version:

A:_How are you doing today?
B:_Just fine. And you?
A:_Couldn't be better. Thanks.