2007-12-08

Notes from the KH Class (2007/11/15)

Today's blog entry comes from the Topics lesson of the KH class. My references include the following:

1. 大辞林第三版
2. CD-ビジネス技術 実用英語大辞典
3. 英辞郎第三版
4. CD-The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language

Let's get started!

Original Sentence:
  • David went drinking with his old students.
Problems:
  • Did David go drinking with all of his old students or just a few?
  • When did David go drinking with his old students? Did they go drinking last night? Last month? Last year?
After confirming some details with K.H., I would suggest the following sentence:
  • David with drinking with some of his old students last Thursday.
Notes:
  • "old students" does not mean the students are 70 or 80 years old. In this sentence structure, we understand that "old" means "not recent" or "former." For example:
    • old friend: 旧友、昔からの友達、昔なじみ
    • gathering of old students: 同窓生の集い
    • old coworkers: 元同僚
    • old customer: 昔からの得意先、なじみ客
    • old job: 元の仕事
    • old car: 中古車
    • old (former) classmate: かつての級友
Any questions or comments? Please feel free to click on the "comments" link.

2007-11-22

More, Most, Socket, Knife, and Matches

Notes from the KJ Class (2007/11/15)

These notes are from a senior citizen's class. They might also be helpful to other beginner level students.

"Do you ~"の質問に答える時、"Yes, I do."及び"No, I don't."で答えてください。

Q: Do you like bananas, peaches, and cherries?
A: Yes, I do.

"Which" + "most"の質問の場合、"~ more"又は"~ the most"で答えてください。

Q: Which fruit do you like the most?
A: I like peach the more. → I like peaches the most.


Warning Children about Dangers
子供に注意言葉


Do you know how to tell children why the above items are dangerous to play with? You can use these phrases:

Don't play with knives! You might cut yourself.
ナイフで遊ぶな!怪我するから!/手を切るぜ!

Don't play with the socket! You might electrocute yourself.
コンセントで遊ぶな!感電するから!

Don't play with matches! You might burn yourself.
マッチで遊ぶな!火傷 するよ!

2007-11-18

Maybe vs Might vs May

Extra Notes from the YT Class
  • Use "might" to indicate a 50/50 chance of something happening in the future.
  • Use "maybe" to indicate a 50/50 chance of something happening in the future, present, or past.
Examples of maybe and might:

Past

Present

Future

Maybe he studied English.

Maybe he studies English.

Maybe he will study English.

---

---

He might study English.


Additional information

Examples of may and might:

Past Perfect

Present Continuous

Future Continuous

He may have studied English yesterday.

He may be studying English now.

He may be studying English (tomorrow).

He might have studied English yesterday.

He might be studying English now.

He might be studying English (tomorrow).



References:

1. CD-The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language
2. The American Heritage® Book of English Usage
3. New International Business English Updated Edition Student's Book

2007-11-16

Huffing Puffing Tatami Stroke

Extra Notes from the I.K. Class (2007/11/07)
Vocabulary
  1. stroke: A stroke is the sudden death of brain cells in a localized area due to inadequate blood flow. 脳卒中
  2. fall: [someone/something] has fallen down (on the floor); lying on the floor (after passing out; fainting; or suffering from a physical or mental ailment) 卒倒する、気絶する; 倒れていた
  3. aftereffects: (脳卒中)の後遺症に苦しむ
Example
  • I came home and found my husband lying on the floor. I called an ambulance and they took him to the hospital. The doctor said he had had a stroke. I hope he doesn't suffer from any serious aftereffects.
Easy Example
  • My friend's husband had a stroke and was taken to the hospital by ambulance!
Vocabulary
  1. huff: 息を吹く[切らす]
  2. puff: プッと飛び出す
Dialog Example

A: Why are you huffing and puffing?
B: I went jogging, but I am so out of shape I couldn't breathe!

Phrases
  • Close, but no prize! 正解に近いが賞品はあげられない
  • Opposites:
    • hot ←→ cold
    • warm ←→ cool
    • burning ←→ freezing
Vocabulary
  • Telephone Keypad:
    • 米印 → the star key
    • シャープ印 → the pound key
  • Swing = 遊具の一。腰を掛ける横板の両端に二本の綱や鎖を付けてつり下げたもの。板に乗って前後に揺らして遊ぶ。ふらここ。しゅうせん。[季]春。〔補説〕 語源はポルトガル語 balanco からという説がある
More Examples of sentences
  • The tatami mats are of such quality that I won't have to change them for maybe another 10 years or so.
  • The wax job on my car is so durable that I don't have to wax the car again for another six months.
References:
1. Medical Encyclopedias
2. 英辞郎第三版
3. CD-The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language

2007-11-07

Postal Workers

Notes from the IK Class:

郵便局員

×  post officer; post office staff
 postal worker

Sample Dialog:

外国人:

How do you buy a stamp to mail to the States?

日本人:

Just take your letter to the post office, and the postal worker will tell you how much to pay for the postage.


Don't fix it if it ain't broke.
Don't fix it if it ain't broken.
Don't fix it if it isn't broke.
Don't fix it if it isn't broken.
If it's not broken, don't fix it.
If it ain't broke, don't fix it.
If it ain't broken, don't fix it.
  • 壊れていないものを修理するな。/《諺》触らぬ神にたたりなし。/へたにかき回すな。
  • 壊れていないなら直すな。
  • 機能しているシステムなどを下手にいじると、かえって問題が生じるという意味。
  • まだ問題になっていないのに解決しようとして頭を痛めるな。

References:

1. 英辞郎第三版
2. CD-The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language
3. American Postal Workers Union
4. Canadian Union of Postal Workers

2007-11-04

Gibberish Baggy Anniversary

Notes from the SA Class

Here are some vocabulary that came up in the SA class:
  • gobbledygook, gobbledegook: (noun) Unclear, wordy jargon
    • 分かりにくい言葉、ややこしい言葉、たわ言、ナンセンス、役所言葉[官庁用語], 回りくどくてチンプンカンプンの表現, 冗長で分かりにくい文言, 文字化けした文
When I opened the page with Internet Explorer, all the characters were gobbledygook.
  • gibberish: 1. Unintelligible or nonsensical talk or writing. 2. Highly technical or esoteric language. 3. Unnecessarily pretentious or vague language.
    • わけのわからない言葉[文, 話]
When I opened the page with Internet Explorer, all the characters were gibberish.
  • anniversary: 1. The annually recurring date of a past event, especially one of historical, national, or personal importance: a wedding anniversary; the anniversary of the founding of Rome. 2. A celebration commemorating such a date.
    • an ~ (~周年)記念, ~周年祭; ~周年記念の, 例年の
× We are especially busy this year because it is the 30 years birthday of our company's Mashi brand products.

 We are especially busy this year because it is the 30th anniversary of our company's Mashi brand products.
  • baggy: Bulging or hanging loosely: baggy trousers.
    • だぶだぶの、袋のような、垂れ下がった
Baggy pants are easy to move in.
Baggy pants are more comfortable to where when I play sports or do some work outside.

Additional Phrases that came up in class:
  • "cease and desist" letter: 使用停止を求める文書
  • You betcha! (You bet!): 確かにそうです。/そのとおりです。/もちろん。

References:

1. CD-The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language
2. 英辞郎第三版
3. CD-ビジネス技術 実用英語大辞典

Maybe vs Might and May vs Might

Notes from the YT Class:
  • Vocabulary
    • maybe: 多分, おそらく, もしかすると
    • might: おそらく~だろう, ~かもしれない, 可能性がある
    • may: おそらく~だろう, ~かもしれない, 可能性がある
A student from one of today's classes brought up the subject of using "might" and "maybe" in a past tense sentence. Although there are exceptions, here are some simple rules that you can use.

Although "maybe" can be used to indicate a 50/50 chance of something happening in the simple past, simple present, or simple future, "might" can only be used to indicate a 50/50 chance of something happening in the simple future.

Examples of maybe and might:

Simple Past

Simple Present

Simple Future

Maybe he studied English.

Maybe he studies English.

Maybe he will study English.

---

---

He might study English.


Unlike the examples above, may and might can be used interchangeably for the following tenses:

Past Perfect

Present Continuous

Future Continuous

He may have studied English yesterday.

He may be studying English now.

He may be studying
English (tomorrow).

He might have studied English yesterday.

He might be studying English now.

He might be studying
English (tomorrow).



References:
1. CD-The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language
2. CD-ビジネス技術 実用英語大辞典

2007-11-01

Offer Condolences

Transcript of the IK class podcast:

This is Chip, and welcome to the anmi-eikaiwa kyoushitsu podcast dated October 30th, 2007.

Todays podcast is about expressing sorrow to a friend, a colleague, or a classmate.

One of our students asked me about using the phrase "I'm sorry" when someone has died. She told me about a coworker who was watching the hit series 24. In one scene, Jack Bauer said "I'm sorry--blah blah blah" in reference to the death of someone close to him.

Of course, there are many ways to express your condolences to someone who has just lost a loved one. In our class, we brainstormed and came up with a list of several ways to express condolences.

In the following examples, we arbitrarily chose the death of a father. If you use any of these phrases, just replace father with the relation of the person that passed away.

OK. Here is the list:
  • I was deeply saddened to hear the news about the sudden death of your father.
  • I was sad to hear the news of your father's passing.
  • My thoughts are with you and your family during this difficult time.
  • Please know that our love and concern are with you always.
  • You are continually in my thoughts and prayers.
  • I will keep you in my thoughts and prayers.
  • I share in your grief and send my love.
  • I am sorry to hear about your father's death.
  • Please accept my condolences.
  • I offer my sincerest condolences.
  • Our hearts and prayers go out to you and your loved ones.
Most of these expressions are what we might use in a sympathy card. If you are expressing condolences in person, then you might want to simply say, "I am sorry to hear about your father's death."

Visit our blog for a complete transcript of this podcast. Go to http://anmienglishtools.blogspot.com

Or go to Google and type ANMI, that's a, n, m, i, English Tips and Tools. Our blog should be the first link you see. You can also visit our website at www.anmi-eikaiwa.com and click on the ANMI English Tools link.

OK. That's all for today. Thanks for listening!



References:

1. Condolences & Eulogies: Finding the Perfect Words (携帯リンク)
2. Book of Condolences (携帯リンク)
3. 葬儀・法要・お悔やみの挨拶と手紙―文例がすぐに見つかる、気持ちが言葉になる (携帯リンク)

2007-10-30

Hispanics

Notes from the HN Class:

Vocabulary:
  • Hispanic: スペインの、〔スペイン語圏の〕ラテン・アメリカの
Example Sentence:
  • Hispanics are Latin-Americans and are mostly from Mexico. ヒスパニックとはラテン系アメリカ人のことで、米国内ではそのほとんどがメキシコ出身です。
Examples of using was and were:
  • I was cold.
  • He was cold.
  • She was cold.
  • It was cold.
  • You were cold.
  • They were cold.

Use "been to" instead of "gone to" for 行った事がある.
  • Have you ever gone to London?
Notes:
  • "Have you ever gone to~" means「あなたは~へ行った事がありますか?」
  • If you use "gone" the nuance is more like 「行ってそのまま帰って来ない事です。」
  • 正しく言うと "Have you ever been to ~"
Additional notes:

× I cannot sing and dance very well. = I can sing but not dance very well. I cannot sing but can dance very well.
◎ I cannot sing or dance very well.
◎ I can neither sing nor dance very well.

References:

1. CD-ビジネス技術 実用英語大辞典
2. 英辞郎第三版
3. CD-The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language

Prison Break

Notes from the IY Class:

This is a copy of a dialog between Y. and Chip that we had before the start of class.

C: Did you have a nice weekend?
Y: Yes, I did.
C: Really?! What did you do?
Y: I watched all of season one of Prison Break on DVD.
C: Did you watch the DVDs with your sister or mom?
Y: I watched them with my mom.
C: I see. Was it expensive to rent all of those DVDs?
Y: No, it wasn't. I rented only volumes 1, 2, and 3, but the rest, I borrowed from one of my friends.
C: Oh. You're lucky to have such a friend!
Y: Yes, I think so, too.

アンミ英会話教室 Podcast
Listen to the dialog at this link.

Here are some vocabulary that came up in the I.Y. Class:
  • a line of mascara: マスカラ製品;~製品群
  • line of white furniture: 白い家具など商品群
Example sentences:
  1. I love the Bobbi Brown line of cosmetics.
  2. L'Oreal sells a line of mascara that is sold at Walmart.
  3. TOMY Co. sells a line of white furniture for the Licca brand dollhouse.
More vocabulary:
  • watchdog: 番犬
  • watchdog group; watchdog committee; ~ watchdog: 監視機関; 監視委員会; 広告監視機関; 監視団体
  • Amnesty International: アムネスティ・インターナショナル、国際アムネスティ◆政治犯救済や人権擁護のための国際委員会。1977年ノーベル平和賞受賞。
  • Human Rights Watch: ヒューマン・ライツ・ウオッチ、人権ウオッチ(人権監視機関)
Here are a few international watchdog groups:
  1. Amnesty International (English / Japanese)
  2. Human Rights Watch (English / Japanese)
    • Human Rights World Report 2007 (English)
  • whistle blower: 内部告発者、密告者
  • come to light: 明らかになる

2007-10-27

Porcupines and Hedgehogs

Notes from the KT Class:

Vocabulary:
  • nursery rhyme: 童謡、わらべ歌
  • hedgehog: ハリネズミ



  • shave: 髭を剃る
  • shiver: 身震いする
  • the alarm on my cell phone: 携帯電話のアラーム(目覚まし時計)
  • turn on my computer and open Windows Media Player: パソコンの電源を入れて、WMPを開く
  • listen to some music: 音楽を聞く
  • 合唱: choral singing // chorus // choir
  • How's that? これはどうかい?

References:

1. 英辞郎第三版
2. CD-The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language
3. 大辞林第三版





Pirates and Bandits

Notes from the IK Class:

花子さんは遅くなります。
× Hanako is a little late.
Hanako will be a little late.

Sample Dialog:

A: Mr. Smith.
B: Yes?
A: Hanako will be a little late.*
B: Oh, really? OK. Thanks.
A: Sure.

* "...will be late" の代わりに、"She is coming soon" or "She will be here soon" もう言います。

Question from K-san:

K: How do you say, "奥さんの好みの洋服をあなたが買いますか。" in English?
C: Well, maybe you could say, "Do you buy clothes that accommodate your wife's tastes?"

A more natural question for this situation might be, "Do you buy your own clothes or does your wife buy them for you?"

Sample Dialog:

A: Do you buy clothes that accommodate your wife's tastes?
B: No, I don't. I pick out clothes that suit my own tastes.
---
A: Do you buy your own clothes or does your wife buy them for you?
B: I usually buy my own clothes. My wife likes to buy clothes for me, but I am very picky about what I wear. So, I would rather pick out my own clothes.

私は一年前~博物館に行った事があります。
× Before I have been to ~ museum one year ago.
I went to ~ museum one year ago.
I have been to ~ museum.

Vocabulary & Sample Sentences:

象・セイウチの牙: elephant tusk(s); walrus tusk(s)
違法の: illegal
  • It is illegal to buy or sell products made from ivory tusks.
logical: 論理的な、筋の通った
  • 彼の意見はたいへん論理的である。(His view is quite logical.)
  • 彼の答えは筋の通ったものだ。(His reply was logical.)
  • 彼の論旨は筋が通っている。(His argument was logical.)
  • 彼は論理的な推論で議論に勝つ。(He wins his arguments by logical reasoning.)
show up: 現れる、(会合に)出る、姿を見せる
  • 太郎はパーティーに現れなかった。 (Taro didn't show up at the party.)
smash: (break into pieces) 粉々に砕く[する]
  • 太郎は怒って皿を粉々に割った。 (Taro got angry and smashed the dishes into pieces.)
pirates: 海賊 & 海賊行為をする (a thief who robs at sea)
bandits: 山賊 (a thief who robs (at gunpoint) usually in a lawless area on land)
celebrity: 有名人、著名人、名士 (単に名前が知られている(famous)だけではなく、マスコミを通じて大衆の関心を集めるような人を指す。) (A celebrity is a widely-recognized or famous person who commands a high degree of public and media attention.)
celebrate: 式典を挙行する/祝杯を挙げる、浮かれ騒ぐ (To observe (a day or event) with ceremonies of respect, festivity, or rejoicing.)
  • I will celebrate my birthday at Roppongi Hills with my friends.
~が安くって美味しい
  • I hope they serve good food at a good price!
  • They have good prices.
  • They have some good things that are cheap, but some things are
    not.
  • They have some good priced items.

References:

1. グランドコンサイス英和辞典・グランドコンサイス和英辞典
2. 大辞林第三版
3. CD-ビジネス技術 実用英語大辞典
4. 英辞郎第三版
5. CD-The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language